The Use of Human Keratinocytes and Human Skin Models for Predicting Skin Irritation The Report and Recommendations of ECVAM Workshop 38

Johannes van de Sandt, Roland Roguet, Catherine Cohen, David Esdaile, Maria Ponec, Emanuela Corsini, Carol Barker, Norbert Fusenig, Manfred Liebsch, Diane Benford, Anne de Brugerolle de Fraissinette and Manigé Fartasch

This is the report of the thirty-eighth of a series of workshops organised by the European Centre for the Validation of Alternative Methods (ECVAM). The workshop on The Use of Human Keratinocytes and Human Skin Models for Predicting Skin Irritation was held in Utrecht, The Netherlands, on 9–11 November 1997, under the co-chairmanship of Johannes van de Sandt (TNO Nutrition and Food Research Institute, Zeist, The Netherlands) and Roland Roguet (L’Oréal Advanced Research, Aulnay-sous-Bois, France). The participants comprised scientists working in both industry and academia, with expertise in the fields of mechanistic aspects of skin inflammation and skin irritancy testing in vitro, in experimental animals and in humans.