Print the pagePrefatory Note(a)
W.M.S. Russell & R.L. Burch
The year 1969, when men first walked on the moon, was also a memorable year for the relations between man and animals. In the United States, Allen and Beatrix Gardner reported the first successful attempt to teach true language to another species, the chimpanzee. In Britain, Dorothy Hegarty was chiefly responsible for setting up FRAME, the Fund for the Replacement of Animals in Medical Experiments, an organisation that was to have profound effects on experimental science and laboratory animal welfare.