Preface: Special Anniversary Volume — Issue 3: The Three Rs

Michael Balls

A meeting on Animal Experimentation and The Three Rs:Past, Present and Future was held at the University ofNottingham on 9 June 2009, to celebrate the 50th Anniversary of the publication of The Principles of Humane Experimental Technique by W.M.S. Russell (WMSR) & R.L. Burch (RLB),1 the 40th Anniversary of the establishment of the Fund for the Replacement of Animals in Medical Experiments (FRAME), the 30 years of collaboration between FRAME and the University of Nottingham, and the establishment of the W.M.S. and Claire Russell Archive (WCR Archive) at the University of Nottingham. The proceedings of this meeting will be published as a supplement to ATLA later this year. Meanwhile, this issue of the special anniversary volume of ATLA is also devoted to the Three Rs.