Physiologically-based Kinetic Modelling (PBK Modelling): Meeting the 3Rs Agenda; The Report and Recommendations of ECVAM Workshop 63

Michel Bouvier d’Yvoire, Pilar Prieto, Bas J. Blaauboer, Frederic Y. Bois, Alan Boobis, Céline Brochot, Sandra Coecke, Andreas Freidig, Ursula Gundert-Remy, Thomas Hartung, Miriam N. Jacobs, Thierry Lavé, David E. Leahy, Hans Lennernäs, George D. Loizou, Bette Meek, Camilla Pease, Malcolm Rowland, Martin Spendiff, Jiansong Yang and Marco Zeilmaker

This is the report of the 63rd of a series of workshops organised by the European Centre for the Validation of Alternative Methods (ECVAM). The workshop entitled Physiologically-based Kinetic Modelling (PBK Modelling): Meeting the 3Rs Agenda was held at ECVAM (Ispra, Italy) on 10–12 October 2005, building upon a programming meeting held at Ispra on 31 May and 1 June 2005. The participants included international experts in PBK modelling and in the risk assessment of chemical products, from academia, regulatory or risk assessment advisory bodies, and industry.